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The water table in the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) rose significantly since the construction of the Three Gorges Dam across the Yangtze River. Little is known about how such a change in local hydrological condition will affect the ecophysiology of plants along the bank of the world’s largest reservoir. In this study, water relations of the dominant plants were investigated over an entire year period...
A thorough and extensive wild germplasm exploration survey was undertaken and 32 high yielding candidate plus trees (CPTs) of Jatropha curcas from different locations from a latitudinal and longitudinal spread between 12°41′ and 22°′E longitude and 77° and 84°40′N latitude covering 11 locations in an area spread of 150,000 km2 was collected for evaluating genetic association, and variability in seed...
Comparative study on fertilization process in Pinus sylvestris, Pinus mugo and in their putative hybrid swarm individuals was done involving pre-zygotic and post-zygotic stages. The amount of surviving ovules from open pollination reflecting the mode of interaction between pollen grains and nucellar tissue of an ovule averaged at 8.1 of sound ovules per conelet in Pinus sylvestris, 7.3 ovules in the...
The stable carbon (C) composition of tree rings expressed as δ13C, is a measure of intrinsic water-use efficiency and can indicate the occurrence of past water shortages for tree growth. We examined δ13C in 3- to 5-year-old rings of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb) Franco) trees to elucidate if decreased water supply or uptake was a critical factor in the observed growth reduction of trees...
To evaluate the effect of ectomycorrhizal colonization on growth and physiological activity of Larix kaempferi seedlings grown under soil acidification, we grew L. kaempferi seedlings with three types of ectomycorrhizae for 180 days in acidified brown forest soil derived from granite. The soil had been treated with an acid solution (0 (control), 10, 30, 60, and 90 mmol H+ kg−1). The water-soluble...
Long-term experimental plots of Norway spruce and European beech are investigated for a link between stand-level self-thinning and tree-level leaf biomass allometry. Self-thinning refers to the finding of Reineke (1933), who postulated for unthinned forest stands that $$ N = bd_q^\beta , $$ with β = −1.605; i.e. an increase of mean (quadratic) diameter dq by 1% results in a decrease of tree...
Nitrogen (N) limits plant productivity and its uptake and assimilation may be regulated by N source, N availability, and nitrate reductase activity (NRA). Knowledge of how these factors interact to affect N uptake and assimilation processes in woody angiosperms is limited. We fertilized 1-year-old, half-sib black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) seedlings with ammonium (NH4+) [as (NH4)2SO4], nitrate (NO...
Adaptation to precipitation conditions may induce genetic diversity that changes morphological and physiological traits. This hypothesis was investigated in the seedlings of seven western redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don) populations, which were collected along a precipitation transect from the Pacific coast to the southern interior of British Columbia, Canada. The experimental seedlings were...
Role of Thidiazuron (TDZ) in inducing adventitious organogenesis in Pongamia was studied. TDZ at different concentrations (0, 0.45, 2.27, 4.54, 6.71, 9.08, 11.35, 13.12 and 22.71 µM) were used for induction of caulogenic bud formation in deembryonated cotyledon explants. Each cotyledon was cut into three segments and identified as proximal, middle and distal. Duration of TDZ exposure, influence of...
Stem discs from trees of known age were used to determine the periodic nature of the growth rings formed in Laguncularia racemosa and to describe the anatomical features of these rings. The growth rings were scarcely distinct on microscopic examination, but they were well distinguishable macroscopically, with alternating light brown and dark brown layers. Cross-dating analysis revealed the occurrence...
Differences in patterns of cell death between ray parenchyma cells and ray tracheids in the conifers Pinus densiflora and Pinus rigida were clarified. Differentiation and cell death of ray tracheids occurred successively and both were related to the distance from the cambium. In this respect, they resembled those of longitudinal tracheids. Thus, the cell death of short-lived ray tracheids could be...
Long-term climate–growth relationships, were examined in tree rings of four co-occurring tree species from semi-arid Acacia savanna woodlands in Ethiopia. The main purpose of the study was to prove the presence of annual tree rings, evaluate the relationship between radial growth and climate parameters, and evaluate the association of El Niño and drought years in Ethiopia. The results showed that...
Aboveground disturbances are common in dynamic riparian environments, and Salix nigra is well adapted with a vigorous resprouting response. Soil moisture stresses are also common, and S. nigra is flood tolerant and drought sensitive. The objective of this study was to quantify nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) reserves in S. nigra following shoot removal and soil moisture treatments. NSC reserves provide...
Woody species populating the major Mediterranean ecosystems in the world are characterized by different levels of adaptation to the seasonal Mediterranean climate conditions. Many species of these ecosystems show wood features that allow high efficiency of transport when water is available, while maintaining hydraulic safety during drought periods. This study focuses on the anatomy of juvenile and...
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